Our group is interested in understanding the process of expression of genetic information that leads to the production of functional proteins. This process requires an intricate interplay between the protein synthesis machinery and an ever growing list of cellular components that control protein synthesis and participate in protein biogenesis. Building on our studies that provided some of the first blueprints for understanding the eukaryotic protein synthesis machinery including the cytosolic and the mitochondrial ribosomes, we are now investigating protein synthesis in human cells using a combination of structural, biochemical and biophysical experimental approaches. We are particularly interested in understanding the regulation of protein synthesis and the biogenesis of cytosolic and membrane proteins. I will present examples of recent results that contribute to our understanding of the network and the coordination of cellular factors that interact with translating ribosomes in human cells to control protein synthesis and to ensure accurate protein production.